Key and critical concepts which you will learn:

• You will be learning towards the outcome “Test logic gates.”
• Whilst learning towards the outcome you will be required to achieve the following:
  • Test and determine the switching state to obtain a “1” at the output of a logic circuit.
  • Name four different logic families.
  • State what supply voltage may be applied to a complementary metal oxide semi-conductor (CMOS) device.
  • State four precautions that must be taken when handling CMOS devices.
  • Draw the circuit symbols for an AND, OR, NAND and NOR gate.
  • State the difference in truth tables for the following:
    • AND gate and NAND gate.
    • OR gate and NOR gate.
  • Draw the equivalent electrical circuit for each of the following gates:
    • NOR gate.
    • NAND gate
    • OR gate.
    • AND gate.
  • Name two advantages of CMOS devices over other devices.
  • State what a 1 and a 0 is equal to in positive logic.

Tools, consumables, machinery and equipment required:

• Oscilloscope
• Circuit board
• Connecting wires
• Soldering iron
• Soldering wire
• Small side cutters
• De-soldering pump
• Anti-static wrist strap
• Dual 10V DC supply
• N-channel JFET
• Potentiometer (5K)
• Multimeter
• Resistors (10K, 1K)

Application:

Applications will depend on the logic gate in question but to name a few; alarm systems, bell switches, temperature detection, etc.

Key and critical concepts which you will learn:

• You will be learning towards the outcome “Test a field effect transistor.”
• Whilst learning towards the outcome you will be required to achieve the following:
  • Test and determine what the voltage and current is on the gate of a field effect transistor when it is both conducting and not conducting.
  • Give the abbreviation for a field effect transistor.
  • State whether the field effect transistor is controlled by current or by voltage.
  • State the normally off or on conditions of the depletion and enhancement field effect transistors.
  • Give the abbreviation for a junction field effect transistor.
  • Give the abbreviation for a metal-oxide semi-conductor field effect transistor.
  • Name the three connections of a junction field effect transistor.
  • Draw the circuit symbols for n-channel, p-gate and p- channel, n-gate junction field effect transistors.
  • State whether the input impedance of a field effect transistor is high or low.

Tools, consumables, machinery and equipment required:

• Oscilloscope
• Circuit board
• Connecting wires
• Soldering iron
• Soldering wire
• Small side cutters
• De-soldering pump
• Anti-static wrist strap
• Dual 10V DC supply
• N-channel JFET
• Potentiometer (5K)
• Multimeter
• Resistors (10K, 1K)

Application:

Used as input amplifiers in oscilloscopes, voltmeters, and other measuring/testing equipment.

Additional resources

• Display Board
• Data chart

Key and critical concepts which you will learn:

• You will be learning towards the outcome “Test multivibrators.”
• Whilst learning towards the outcome you will be required to achieve the following:
  • Test and determine types of multivibrators.
  • State which multivibrator is stable in one state, which is stable in two states, and which is not stable.
  • Draw the output waveform of an astable multivibrator and indicate the periods that the transistor is in saturation and cut-off modes.
  • State the equation for the DC time factor for an a-stable multivibrator circuit.
  • Give another name for a flip-flop circuit.
  • State which multivibrator has a memory.
  • State the two triggering methods used to change the state of a flip-flop circuit.
  • State the name of the diodes in a bi-stable frequency divider circuit.
  • State how many input cycles are necessary for one output cycle in a frequency divider?
  • State two other names for a mono-stable circuit.
  • State the name of a circuit that may be used to square sinusoidal inputs.
  • State why the emitter voltage has to be approximately 0,6 volts lower than the input voltage of a Schmitt trigger before it will switch.
  • State what waveform will appear at the output of a Schmitt trigger if a triangular wave is applied to the input.

Tools, consumables, machinery and equipment required:

• Oscilloscope
• NPN Transistors
• DC supply (10V,
• Resistors (15K, 390, 10K, 1K, 4K7, 150K, 2K2, 22K)
• Circuit boards
• Connecting wires
• Single pole double throw switch
• Light emitting diodes (LED’s)
• Capacitors (100uF, 47uF, 10nF, 8uF, 1nF)
• 1N4007 diode
• Single pole single throw switch
• Potentiometers (10K, 1K)
• Multimeter

Application:

Used in devices such as relaxation oscillators, timers and flip-flops.

Additional resources

• Display Board
• Data chart

Key and critical concepts which you will learn:

• You will be learning towards the outcome “Test an amplifier.”
• Whilst learning towards the outcome you will be required to achieve the following:
  • Test an amplifier circuit with an oscilloscope.
  • Determine the voltage gain after each stage.
  • State the purpose of an amplifier
  • Explain what a transistor amplifies.
  • State what the configurations of transistors are shown in a diagram.
  • State what the input and output impedances are for different configurations.
  • Explain the reason for using a specific output impedance for an amplifier output.
  • State whether a specific transistor configuration will amplify voltage.

Tools, consumables, machinery and equipment required:

• Oscilloscope
• Circuit board
• . Connecting wires
• 10V DC supply
• Signal generator
• NPN Transistors (2N2219 or equivalent)
• Loudspeaker (8 Ohm impedance)
• Resistors
• Electrolytic capacitors (47 uF 16V)
• Polyester capacitor (0.1 uF)
• Soldering iron
• Soldering wire
• De-soldering pump

Application:

The purpose of an amplifier is to take a very small signal, i.e. one that is so small that it cannot be used, and amplify it many times so that it can be used elsewhere, e.g. to drive a loudspeaker, or be seen on an oscilloscope, or operate a motor, etc.

Additional resources

• Display Board
• Data chart